pan), equipped with a 50 phenylmethylpolysiloxane VF17MS capillary column (20 m x0.15 mm, internal diameter, 0.15 mm film thickness; Agilent Technologies, Les Ulis, France). A TQ8050 (Shimadzu, Japan) triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped having a chemical ionization source and operating in Q3 single-ion monitoring mode was utilized for detection. Concentrations were reported for DHEA in nmol per liter and for DHT, TT, and E2 in pmol per liter. The intra- and inter-assay CVs have been three.5 and 4.7 for DHEA, two.2 and 2.1 for TT, three.0 and three.1 for DHT, and three.5 and 4.1 for E2, respectively.Organochlorine AnalysesBlood samples had been analyzed for chlordecone, p,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE, the key and most persistent metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, DDT), along with the non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl congener 153 (PCB-153) by high-resolution gas chromatography with Ni63 electron capture detection. Detailed information about the sampling, evaluation, and top quality assurance and manage have been supplied elsewhere (11, 34). Amongst PCBs, we chosen PCB-153 since it correlates really well using the total PCB concentration in plasma (35). The analytical limit of detection (LD) was 0.06 mg/L for chlordecone in cord blood, 0.05 /L for DDE and PCB-153 in cord blood, and 0.02 mg/L for chlordecone in the children’s blood.Lipid AnalysisTotal cord plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were determined enzymatically (DiaSys Diagnostic Systems GmbH; Holzheim, Germany) and the total lipid concentration calculated as previously described (37).Information and Statistical AnalysisAll Kinesin-14 Compound analyses were stratified by sex due to gender differences in hormone production and prospective sexual dimorphism related to the effect of chlordecone. Continuous variables are described as means, medians, inter-quartile ranges, and percentiles. Imply ranks between unpaired groups have been compared making use of the Mann Whitney test in descriptive bivariate analyses. Cord-blood chlordecone concentrations had been considered to become categorical (quartiles, according to their distribution in theHormone AnalysesTSH, FT3, and FT4 were measured by immuno-radiometric assay (IM 3712 TSH Irma Kit, IM 1579 FT3, IM 1363 FT4,Frontiers in Endocrinology | frontiersin.orgNovember 2021 | Volume 12 | ArticleAyhan et al.Chlordecone and Hormones in Childrenpopulation study) or continuous variables right after log ten transformation. Chlordecone values below the LOD were imputed by a maximum likelihood estimation method (38). Associations involving in utero chlordecone exposure and hormones with 90 detectable values (TSH, FT3, FT4, DHEA, IGF-1, and adiponectin for both sexes, and IL-1 MedChemExpress leptin for girls) have been analyzed by various linear regression, allowing calculation of your b regression coefficient and its 95 confidence interval (95 CI). Hormones have been included within the model following the imputation of values LOD (38) along with a log10 transformation, as they were log-normally distributed. Hormones with 14.three to 72.6 detectable values (DHT, TT, and E2 for each sexes, and leptin for boys; see Table 3) have been dichotomized as outlined by their LOD ( LOD vs LOD) and prospective associations with in utero chlordecone exposure analyzed using multiple logistic regression models, permitting estimation with the odds ratio (OR) and its 95 CI. The following maternal covariates have been considered to be potential confounding components: age at delivery (years), geographic origin (Caribbean vs European), physique mass index (BMI, kg/m2), weight ga
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